Snowmobiling on Priest Mountain Essay -- Descriptive Writing Examples

Snowmobiling on Priest Mountain In late May I never pictured myself carving a highmark on Priest Mountain. Priest Mountain is nestled on the east edge of the Grand Mesa National Forest. Deep sugary snow and feathery blue spruce trees cover the mountain and the area around. One fine day it occurred that I had the opportunity to carve my highmark and I still I have the mental image of my territory after that day. Even before that day, Priest has left a impression on me. Priest Mountain, for me, has been such a majestic riding area; IÃ ­ve been riding in this area for more than 10 years, and it is such a magical place to ride. On this one fine day, we had a typical Colorado snow storm.. I can recall this very trip to the wonderful Grand Mesa because my mom was sick and it was Mother's Day. She told me to go have fun, and that she'll wait until she feels better. My dad wanted to play in a golf tournament, but I wanted to go snowmobiling. We both agreed that he would play golf in the morning and once he was done, I would meet him in the parking lot on the mesa to go snowmobiling. My dad said, "Don't leave until I call you!" "Dad, just watching TV, I'll be here." I replied. The snow began to fall, and I could not control myself; so I just left. Jeff rode with me in the Power Stroke, and Alex rode with Justin in the Dodge. By the time I reached Cedaredge, I couldn't even see the sleds behind me because the snow was flying like crazy. I wondered why my dad was still playing golf in this weather, but that's my dad; he loves to play golf. The whistle of the turbo diesel and the classic rock was getting me pumped for the awesome ride to come. By the time we were on top of the mesa, there was one foot of new fluffy snow... ... halfway. Justin followed, he came down and told us to take the high side, there is less snow. I was ready; I hit the throttle and from the basin up, the ride seemed to last forever. I began to climb and my Yamaha screamed like a cat in a fight. I followed the backbone and kept climbing until I came out on top I arrived at the crest and quickly noticed the mountain top bowl lined with snow. I plowed through the snow up to the peak of the bowl; man, what a view from the top. I could see the guys down at the bottom and miles into the distance. I could almost see all of Delta County in one shot and it was magnificant. I had now conquered the mountain, Priest from now on feels like my place. This mountain will certainly be a part of me for the rest of my life. I'm sure I will travel to other places that will be beautiful, but nono of them will match Priest Mountain.

Professional Development of the Nursing Professionals Essay

In 2010 the Affordable Care ACT was signed into law. With these laws, the United States is being provided an opportunity to completely redesign its health care system. The model includes heath care that is easier to access, affordable by all, higher safety standards, and higher quality with improved patient outcomes (Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine, 2010). The United States’ health care workforce is largely comprised of nursing professionals. Their role can be pivotal with the reorganization, but are faced with a number of barriers. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the IOM responded to the need for the assessment and transformation of the nursing profession by producing a report which provides recommendations for the future of nursing. Within this report, four key messages were created, the first three being our focus today: * Nurses should use their education and training to its fullest extent * Nurses should expand their education levels and training via seamless, progressive educational models * Nurses should play a leadership role with other health care professionals to reorganize health care * Improved medical health records data and containment systems for more efficient planning and policy creation (Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine, 2010). Obtaining an RN degree should be only the beginning of the lifelong learning process for nursing professionals. Obtaining a higher degree level (BSN or above) should be a smooth process which is encouraged and rewarded. The report recommends licensing, certifying and accrediting bureaus create mandatory competencies and evidence of skills mastery as a complement to the degree program and board exams (Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine,  2010). This will ensure effective critical thinking processes and increase patient safety. Creating a more diverse nursing population will open otherwise previous barriers to this vastly expanding field, while allowing the patient population to widen their views of what nursing really entales. After all, the nursing population should be as diverse as the patient population. Finally, educating nursing students alongside other health professionals, including physicians, throughout their nursing careers will encourage them to become future lead ers working collaboratively together. (Cresaia & Friberg, 2010) The Affordable Care Act of 2010 will challenge health professionals to create a more patient centered system. Opening new opportunities for expanding the nursing role and scope will help to bridge the gap in care for chronic conditions, preventative medicine, palliative care, and coordination and transition of care (Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine, 2010). By delivering care to the community and focusing on wellness, prevention and education, healthcare will again be reinvented and adapt to the growing needs of the communities. Creating new careers and scopes of practice for advanced degree nurses will enable patients to have easier access to health care, and more affordable care. Advanced degree nurses are known to provide longer consultations, and provide more education-based, preventative medicine, and increase recall (Laurant, Reeves, Hermens, Braspenning, & Grol, 2009). With the nursing profession continuing to change, more nursing leadership roles are evolving. Though the community is not accustomed to visualizing a nurse in leadership capacity, all nurses must become leaders in order to transform the current working model into the patient centered model. More leadership skills and positions will be necessary to design, implement, evaluate and advocate for the future of health care needs. Working alongside physicians and other health professionals require these leadership skills to achieve a targeted outcome. This also transcends to the care environment by ensuring evidence-based improvements are implemented. The Affordable Care Act of 2010 will provide an opportunity for the health  care system in the United States to be completely redesigned. With nursing being the largest health care profession, nurses can assist with obtaining the objectives in the IOM report which suggests recommendations for the future of nursing (Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine, 2010). Allowing nurse to use their education and competencies to their fullest, more higher degree level nurses will emerge. By expanding their education and training, more leaders in nursing will be created and new opportunities will arise. Community oriented, wellness and disease prevention will be crucial to the growing community needs. By placing Nurse Practitioners in these areas of expertise, cost will be lowered and patient satisfaction, as well as outcome will rise. Furthermore, working as a partnership with physicians and other health care professionals will create a more collaborative working environment and provide b etter patient outcomes as well. References Cresaia, J., & Friberg, E. (2010). Conceptual Foundations: The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Laurant, M., Reeves, D., Hermens, R., Braspenning, J., & Grol, R. (2009). Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care. The Cochrane Library. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001271.pub2/abstract?systemMessage=Wiley+Online+Library+will+be+disrupted+4+Feb+from+10-12+GMT+for+monthly+maintenance Robert Wood Johnson, Institute of Medicine. (2010, October 5, 2010). The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (Institute of Medicine). : Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing.

Goodyear Case study Essay

The tire industry is divided into two end-use markets, the original equipment tire market and the replacement tire market. Original equipment tires are sold by tire manufacturers directly to automobile and truck manufacturers. Goodyear is the second largest tire producer worldwide. It operates 44 tire product plants in 28 countries and 7 rubber plantations. Goodyear has the broadest line of tire products of any tire manufacturer. It is one of the best known and recognized brand names in the world. Goodyear is also one of the leading national advertisers in the U.S. Goodyear is the market leader for original equipment tires at 38%. Replacement passenger car tires account for 75% of annual sales for Goodyear. They are the market share leader in the U.S. replacement tire market. Passenger car tires account for 15%, light truck tires for 11% and highway truck tires for 23%. Goodyear brand tires have the broadest retail coverage with almost 8,000 â€Å"retail points of sale† or 20% of all US replacement tire locations. Nearly 2 million which accounts for 5% of replacement tires are being replaced annually at 850 Sears Auto Centers. Discount, multi-brand independent dealer’s market share rose from 7% to 15% between 1982 and 1992. Market share for replacement tires captured by retailers not serviced by Goodyear has grown from 17% to 35% (1982-1992). Goodyear’s market share declined 3.2%, or 4.9 million units between 1987 and 1991. Goodyear stores reported a 1% decline in replacement tire market share to 9%. 2.0CASE PROBLEM The Sears proposal raised several strategic considerations for Goodyear. First, as a matter of distribution policy, Goodyear has not sold the Goodyear tire brand through a mass merchandiser since the 1920s, when it sold tires through Sears. Decision to sell Goodyear brand passenger car tires again through Sears would represent a significant change in distribution policy and could create conflict between its franchised  dealers. Second, if the Sears proposal was accepted, several product policy questions loomed. Specifically should the arrangement with Sears include (1) only the Goodyear Eagle Brand or (2) all of its Goodyear brands? Sears would provide a great opportunity for Goodyear for several different reasons. Sears is a large National Retailer with 850 Auto Centers with potential sales on 2 million replacement tire sales annually. It gives Goodyear the opportunity to stop the bleeding of market share 3.2% loss over last 4 years. They could take advantage of Sears sponsored pr omotions for those consumers that have become more prices sensitive and less brand loyal. They can also position themselves as the premium national brand at Sears. 3.0GOODYEAR TIRE AND RUBBER COMPANY Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, headquartered in Akron, Ohio, was founded in 1898 by Frank and Charles Seiberling. The company began as a supplier of bicycle and carriage tires, but soon targeted the fledgling automotive industry. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, incorporated on August 29, 1898, is a manufacturer of tires. The Company, together with subsidiaries and joint ventures, develops, manufactures, markets and distributes tires for a range of applications. The Company also manufactures and markets rubber-related chemicals for various applications. The Company is an operator of commercial truck service and tire retreading centers. The Company operates approximately 1,300 tire and auto service center outlets where it offered its products for retail sale and provided automotive repair and other services. The Company manufactures its products in 52 manufacturing facilities in 22 countries, including the United States. It operates through four operating segments representing i ts regional tire businesses: North American Tire; Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire (EMEA); Latin American Tire, and Asia Pacific Tire 4.0SEARS, ROEBUCK & COMPANY Sears, Roebuck & Company, commonly referred to as Sears, is an American multinational department store chain headquartered in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, in Greater Chicago. The company was founded by Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck in 1886, as the R.W. Sears Watch Company in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Julius Rosenwald took control in 1895 and expanded its sales and profits greatly. In 1925, it began opening local department stores. The business peaked in the 1950s and 1960s, and then began a long, slow contraction. In 2005, it was bought out by Kmart, which renamed itself Sears Holdings. In 1973, it opened a new headquarters in the Sears Tower, a 108-story, 1,451-foot (442 m) skyscraper that was the tallest building in the world until 1998. Until October 1989, Sears was America’s largest retailer, when it was surpassed by Walmart in domestic revenue. Target, Best Buy, and Home Depot have also surpassed Sears since. As of 2012, it is the fourth-largest U.S. department store company by retail sales and is the 12th-largest retailer in the United States, leading its competitor Macy’s in 2013 in terms of revenue. 5.0INDUSTRY BACKGROUND World tire production in 1991 was approximately 850 million tires. North American production accounted for 29%, Asian production was 28%, and Western European production accounted for 23%. The tire industry is divided into two, broad segments: original equipment (OE) tires and replacement tires. The OE segment accounts for 20-25 percent of tires sold annually and these unit sales are trending downward. The replacement tire segment accounts for 70-75 percent of tires sold each year and this unit sales trend is â€Å"flat†. Passenger car tires account for 75 percent of annual sales and the remaining 25% go to commercial and miscellaneous usage. Although 10 tire manufacturers account for 75 percent of worldwide production, only three firms account for 60 percent of all tire sales sold. These three firms are Michelin, Goodyear, and Bridgestone. These firms compete in both the OE and replacement tire segments. Although Goodyear is second to Michelin in worldwide production, it is the U.S. market leader in both the OE and replacement segments. Even though the OE segment is smaller, it is viewed as strategically important by tire manufacturers because prominence in the OE segment provides volume related scale economics in the production of tires and it is believed that car owners satisfied with their OE tires on new vehicles will buy the same brand when they replace their worn tires. It should be noted though that passenger replacement tire buyers are becoming more price sensitive and less likely to simply replace their branded OE tire with the same brand of replacement tire if they are significantly more expensive. Demand in this market is directly related to the average mileage driven per vehicle, therefore, the longer a tire’s tread life the less they need to be replaced. Competition in this industry is intense in both the passenger OE and replacement tire segments. Competition in the OE segment revolves around the major vehicle manufacturers and supplying some or all of their tire needs for the new model year cars and trucks. Competition in the replacement tire segment occurs across the marketing mix. Major tire manufacturers compete on the basis of product variety and innovation, â€Å"retail points of sale,† price and promotion Goodyear is the second largest tire manufacturer in the world, behind Michelin which manufacturers and markets the Michelin and Uniroyal/Goodrich brands. The Goodyear brand is the single largest brand, in terms of sales to the OE tire segment. Its share of this segment is 38 percent. It is noteworthy; however, that Michelin with its Michelin and Uniroyal/Goodrich brands combined capture 30 percent of the OE tire segment. Goodyear brand tires capture the largest portion of sales in the U.S. replacement tire market: 15 percent of passenger car tires, 11 percent of light truck tires, and 23 percent of highway truck tires. Companywide share increases in each category when sales of its Kelly-Springfield brand are included. Goodyear’s relative competitive position is also due to the fact that they have the broadest line of tire products of any tire manufacturer and have the broadest retail coverage with almost 8,000 retail points of sale, most of which are company owned or franchised. 5.1Distribution Major manufacturers of tires capitalize on their reputation and experience as producers of building strong wholesale and retail dealer relationships and networks through which to sell their brand name replacement tires to vehicle owners. The industry uses â€Å"retail points of sale† to gauge the retail coverage of tire manufacturers and their brands. Goodyear has the broadest retail coverage with almost 8,000 retail points of sale. Independent tire dealers usually carry the brands of several major manufacturers and a discount priced private label brand to give a full assortment of qualities, brands, and price ranges to choose from. Retail tire outlets there were owned or franchised by the manufacturers carried only the manufacturer’s name brands and maybe a private label discounted price line. Department stores and major retail chains (like Sears) occasionally carried manufacturers’ brand tires but usually marketed only their own private label brands. In most co mmunities, price is the dominant competitive appeal in an  intensely competitive industry. Many dealers feature and push their private label brands of tires because the profit margins are higher. Dealer sponsored private label tires accounted for 15 to 20 percent of total replacement tire sales in the US in 1991. For this reason, it would be beneficial for Goodyear to consider providing a private label brand for Sears, if they decide to use them as a retail channel, to capture this growing market. 5.2Marketing Major tire producers often use network TV campaigns to promote their brands, introduce new types of tires, and pull customers to the retail dealer outlets. Network TV budgets commonly run from $10 million to $30 million, and their budgets for cooperative ads with dealers run from $20 million to $100 million. Print media is also commonly used extensively. 5.3Customers Few replacement buyers are very knowledgeable about tires and many end up choosing a tire based on price and some just follow the recommendation of their local dealer. Consumers are becoming more price sensitive/conscious while abandoning brand loyalty. This is important to remember because it defeats the purpose of presence in the original equipment segment. Therefore, being in a market segment, which is not as profitable, for a reason that is no longer viable, might be a strategic error? Most replacement tire customers do not have a preference, which makes it easy for tire salespeople to switch customers to private label brands that deliver higher profit margins 6.0DECISION MAKING PROCESS Decision to suggest Goodyear to accept the proposal offered by Sears and  award Sears to sell Eagle brand tire. The decision made was appropriate. From the case, it is clear to see that Goodyear was suffering from loss in market share and profits, thus it is essential that the decision made be executed to ensure that Goodyear would regain its competitive advantage, regain its market share, and turn its losses into profits 7.0conclusion and recommendation Goodyear defensive strategy would consist of changing their retail structure, declining market share in the replacement tire segment and have a flat original equipment volume. As for changing their retail structure they could do this by having non company owned or franchised company stores which are capturing a larger percentage of the tire replacement market. Discount, multi-brand independent dealer’s market share rose from 7% to 15% between 1982 and 1992. The reason that Sears is a good viable option is because of the declining market share in the replacement tire segment. Market share for replacement tires captured by retailers not serviced by Goodyear has grown from 17% to 35% (1982-1992) and market share loss of 3.2% over last four years. As for original equipment tire volume, the replacement tire market which represents 60% of Goodyear sales worldwide is more profitable that the original equipment market. Goodyear’s unit volume has plateaued in this segment at 38% . So I believe that only selling high performance Eagle brand tires at Sears is the best alternative for Goodyear. References 1. Roger A.K & Robert A.P (2013). Strategic Marketing Problems. Cases and Comments.(Thirteenth Edition).England. 2. Marketing Strategy. In Wikipedia. Retrieved October 25,2014 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing_strategy3.Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. In Wikipedia Retrieved October 27, 2014 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company4.Swot Analysis. In Mind Tools October 29, 2014 from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05.htm

Intertidal Zone Characteristics, Challenges, and Creatures

Intertidal Zone Characteristics, Challenges, and Creatures Where the land meets the sea, youll find a challenging habitat filled with amazing creatures. What Is the Intertidal Zone? The intertidal zone is the area between the highest tide marks and lowest tide marks. This habitat is covered with water at high tide and exposed to air at low tide. The land in this zone can be rocky, sandy, or covered in mudflats. What Are Tides? Tides are bulges of water on the Earth caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun. As the moon rotates around the Earth, the bulge of water follows it. There is an opposite bulge on the other side of the earth. When the bulge happens in an area, it is called high tide, and the water is high. In between bulges, the water is low, and this is called low tide. In some locations (e.g., the Bay of Fundy), the water height between high tide and low tide may vary by as much as 50 feet. In other locations, the difference isnt as dramatic and could be just several inches.   Lakes are impacted by the gravitational force of the moon and sun, but since they are so much smaller in comparison to the ocean, the tides even in large lakes arent really noticeable. It is tides that make the intertidal zone such a dynamic habitat. Zones The intertidal zone is divided into several zones, starting near dry land with the splash zone (supralittoral zone), an area that is usually dry, and moving down to the littoral zone, which is usually underwater. Within the intertidal zone, you’ll find tide pools, puddles left in the rocks as water recedes when the tide goes out. These are great areas to gently explore: you never know what you might find in a tide pool! Challenges in the Intertidal Zone The intertidal zone is home to a wide variety of organisms. Organisms in this zone have many adaptations that allow them to survive in this challenging, ever-changing environment. Challenges in the intertidal zone include: Moisture: There are usually two high tides and two low tides each day. Depending on the time of day, different areas of the intertidal zone may be wet or dry. Organisms in this habitat must be able to adapt if they are left â€Å"high and dry† when the tide goes out. Sea snails such as periwinkles have a trap door called an operculum that they can close when they are out of the water to keep moisture in.Waves: In some areas, waves hit the intertidal zone with force and marine animals and plants must be able to protect themselves. Kelp, a type of algae, has a root-like structure called a holdfast  that it uses to attach to rocks or mussels, thus keeping it in place.Salinity: Depending on rainfall, the water in the intertidal zone may be more or less salty, and tide pool organisms must adapt to increases or decreases in salt throughout the day.Temperature: As the tide goes out, tide pools and shallow areas in the intertidal become more vulnerable to temperature changes that could occur from increased sunlight or colder weather. Some tide pool animals hide under plants in the tide pool to find shelter from the sun. Marine Life The intertidal zone is home to many species of animals and plants. Many of the animals are invertebrates (animals without a spine), which comprise a wide group of organisms. Some examples of invertebrates found in tide pools are crabs, urchins, sea stars, sea anemones, barnacles, snails, mussels,  and limpets. The intertidal is also home to marine vertebrates, some of whom prey on intertidal animals. These predators include fish, gulls, and seals. Threats Visitors: People are one of the biggest threats to the intertidal zone, as tide pools are popular attractions. The cumulative impact of people exploring tide pools and stepping on organisms and their habitat, and sometimes taking creatures has resulted in a decrease in organisms in some areas.Coastal Development: Pollution and runoff from increased development can damage tide pools through the introduction of contaminants. References and Further Information Coulombe, D.A. The Seaside Naturalist. Simon Schuster. 1984, New York.Denny, M.W. and S.D. Gaines. Encyclopedia of Tidepools and Rocky Shores. University of California Press. 2007, Berkeley.Tarbuck, E.J., Lutgens, F.K. and Tasa, D. Earth Science, Twelfth Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. 2009, New Jersey.

Return on Investment

Return on Investment Return on Investment (ROI) refers to a well-known financial metric commonly used to analyze the financial results which arise from personal investments as well as deeds. A number of varying metrics are basically known by the same definition. However, the most popular refers to a metric that I seek to discuss in this paper known as ROI.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Return on Investment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Normally used as a cash flow metric, the Return on Investment particularly makes a comparison of the scale as well as scheduling of investment gains which are matched directly to the scale and scheduling of costs involved. In any situation where the ROI is seen to post a high rate, it implies that the gains which have been made compare well with the costs that had been incurred (Saleemi, 2006). Return on Investment has grown into a well-known concept within the past few decades mostly as an all-purpos e metric for analyzing capital attainments, business initiatives, and conservative fiscal investments. These investments are directed into stock shares or into venture capital use. The issue of popularity however is not much important since the metric is commonly used by people without really understanding the merits and demerits that are associated with it.  Return on Investments is used to measure how profitable a transaction is at times. This definition is very accurate as well as very important. There are business men who make use of different metrics in economics instead of ROI to imply one and the same thing. Such use is potentially wrong and lacks knowledge since efficiency is a word that is similarly used to define a measure that is arrived at by using very few varying financial metrics such as Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Return on Capital Employed among others. The inherent meaning in the metric, Return on Investment, is somewhat implied in how its naming is done. Retu rn on Investment seeks to answer questions such as, what is that is attained for that which is spent, do the returns anticipated surpass the costs involved, and do the returns attained perfectly justify the costs used? Many types of ROI measure what is gained from a certain cost through a calculation. Ratio is also used sometimes. Normally, an outcome which is more than 0.00 implies that returns overweigh costs while a Return on Investment which is low implies that costs that are involved greatly surpass the returns. Where certain probable actions are actively competing for finances and when other carrying elements between the alternative options are realistically the same, the investment or action carried out having a greater level of ROI is the best choice to arrive at (Scotch, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The use of ROI is very important as I seek to e laborate below. It is quite helpful for the decision makers. In fact, decision makers must recall that an ROI measure on its own is not an adequate ground for resorting to a certain action over a different one. A Return on Investment which has been calculated for an anticipated action fails to say anything concerning the chances that anticipated returns as well as costs really occur as anticipated. This implies, the Return on Investment on its own does not mention anything concerning uncertainty or risk. It only depicts how the returns can be measured against the costs if the anticipated outcomes actually come about. Owing to this very fact, a good analyst will endeavor to assess the chances of varying ROI results and wiser people charged with making decisions will make a consideration of both the scale and risks associated with this metric at all times. In addition, the decision makers will anticipate realistic proposals from an analyst as well concerning how ROI may be improved up on by decreasing the costs, adding gains or speeding up gains (Moloney, 2009).  When analyzing a financial statement, analysts mostly measure the financial health of a business as well as the nature of operations that go on. With this in mind, there are several measures that are involved and normally called ROI as well. They are Return on Capital Employed, Return on Total Assets, Return on Equity, and Return on Net Worth. Similarly, in other scenarios where the emphasis is mostly on the evaluation of cash flow, ROI at times is used to point at the aggregate cash flow outcomes for a given time frame. In addition, there are people who insist other cash metrics are ROI.  Average rate of return is the first metric. Internal rate of return is the second metric. By simply analyzing how the terms are used, a different type of ROI which measures the bundles of cash used for greater investments is sometimes referred to as the cash on cash evaluation or simply the return on invested capit al. In conclusion, there are many Returns on Investment measures that are commonly used and the terminology lacks a single definition on its own that is universally known. This means that when making a review of the measures of ROI, or when even told to come up with one, it is very pertinent that care is employed to ascertain that all the people involved are able to describe the measure in the same manner. References Moloney, T. (2009). Business Finance. New York: Sage Publications.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Return on Investment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Saleemi, N. (2006). Economics in Practice. New York: Rout ledge Publishers. Scotch, B. (2005). Business Management. London: Prentice Hall.

How to Make Homemade Fizzy Bath Bomb Balls

How to Make Homemade Fizzy Bath Bomb Balls Use your chemistry to make a fizzy, scented bath bomb (bath ball). Make them for yourself or give them as gifts! Its pretty easy to make and takes only about 15 minutes! Fizzy Bath Bomb Chemistry Fizzy bath bombs or bath seltzers are an example of an acid-base reaction. The citric acid (weak acid) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, which is a weak base) react together to release carbon dioxide gas. This gas forms the bubbles. The citric acid and baking soda dont react until they are in an aqueous (water-based) solution. The cornstarch helps keep the bath bombs dry until you add them to the bath. You could substitute Epsom salts in place of the cornstarch if you prefer. What You Need for Bath Bombs 2 tablespoons  citric acid2 tablespoons cornstarch1/4 cup  baking soda 1/4 teaspoon fragrance oil3-6 drops food color3 tablespoons vegetable oil Lets Make Bath Bombs! Mix all dry ingredients (citric acid, cornstarch, baking soda) in the bowl.In a different bowl or a small cup, mix the vegetable oil, fragrance, and coloring together.Slowly incorporate the oil mixture into the dry ingredients. Mix well.Place 1 balls of the mixture on waxed paper. They will be semi-hard within 2-3 hours, but allow 24-48 for them to fully dry before storing them.Store bath balls in a sealed container, away from moisture.Add a few to the bath and enjoy! For gift giving, the balls may be placed in individual candy cups. Useful Tips Either fragrance and/or coloring is optional.Suggested vegetable oils include coconut oil, avocado oil, apricot kernel oil, sweet almond oil, or olive oil, although any emollient oil is good!Use small molds to make three-dimensional fizzy bath shapes.

Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud Dissertation

Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud - Dissertation Example Student’s family name: First names: Student ID No: Course: Supervisor: Dissertation Title: Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud Declaration I certify that this dissertation is my own work. I have read the University regulations concerning plagiarism. I am willing to allow the university to use my dissertation as a sample for future students. Financial statement fraud and Ponzi schemes involving Board Chairpersons and senior figures in public companies wasted billions of dollars of investor capital to threaten markets and public interest. These scandals forced legislatures and regulators to question whether inadequacies in corporate governance contributed to a higher propensity for fraud and how best to correct these. Although it is true that corporate governance alone is not the only reason for financial statement fraud, it makes sense to try to encourage boards to discharge their responsibilities with due and diligent care. Because a corrupt board will propaga te fraud, it makes sense to emphasize the independence of boards from management and independence of individual directors to ensure effective boards. Only independent boards capable of exercising due diligence without negative influences exerted on audit committees, and auditors can ensure transparency and a commitment to ethical conduct must come from the top. For this dissertation, a literature review and case studies for selected early 21st-century fraud scandals serve to conceptualize corporate governance implications of financial fraud using inductive research. However, the research presented avoids a more extensive study involving examination of a far larger number of fraud cases from fraud databases using statistical methods in an attempt to lean towards conceptual development. (This page intentionally left blank) CHAPTER 1:   The corporate scandals of the early 21st century shocked the financial community around the world to present an impetuous for government regulatory a ction to try to correct the prevailing laxity in safeguards against corporate fraud (Causseaux, 2007, pp. 151 – 152). In the United States of America, scandals surrounding Enron, WorldCom, Aldephi, and HealthSouth were a topic of discussion for many even though financial fraud was to continue to prevail in many other parts of the world.